The UK’s nationwide digital identity scheme has split technology experts, with privacy advocates underscoring the risks of mission creep and security risks.
British Prime Minister Kiel The Kiel announced this week a mandatory digital ID scheme, demanding that anyone who wants to work in the UK bears digital identification on their mobile phones.
The digital ID, which was preferred at the Global Progressive Action Conference in London, is expected to be rolled out by the end of the current Parliament, which is scheduled to close in 2029.
Watch the Global Progress Action Summit speech live. https://t.co/xj4xlvmlrp
– Keir Starmer (@keir_starmer) September 26, 2025
However, the numbers working within the tech sector have a variety of views on whether the scheme will be a net benefit of data security.
“Just putting all someone’s identity, biometrics and access to services in one central system will not only create a larger target for hackers. This means that if that system is compromised, everyone is at risk.
Jardin pointed out the possibility of Mission Creep, highlighting the risks arising from including biometric data in the identity scheme that cannot be altered in the case of hacks.
“Digital ID may start as an easy way to prove who you are, but over time it can quietly expand to tracking that controls where you go, what you are doing, and even access to services,” he said.
How do UK digital IDs work?
The digital ID is expected to include a person’s photo, name, date of birth and residence status.
The UK government is considering ways to enable non-smartphone users to participate in the scheme and will begin three months of consultations later in the year on best practices for providing services. The consultation will investigate whether additional information such as addresses should be included.
Speaking at the Global Progressive Action Conference, Starmer said the scheme is necessary to reduce the number of illegal immigrants, particularly those who work illegally in the UK.
You know you are concerned about the level of illegal migration to this country.
Digital IDs are another measure to make it difficult to work illegally here, making boundaries safer.
Ours is a more equitable UK built on change rather than division.
– Keir Starmer (@keir_starmer) September 26, 2025
“Digital IDs are a huge opportunity for the UK,” he said. “It will be difficult to work illegally in this country and make our borders safer.”
Members of the UK opposition have criticised the plan, with Liberal Democratic leader Ed Davy saying the plan “adds to our tax bill and bureaucracy, and does nothing, but does nothing.”
Address security concerns
While some technical experts highlight the potential security risks associated with digital identity schemes, other technicians working in related fields have suggested that a well-designed digital identity system could be more secure than existing methods of identification.
“When security concerns are addressed with advanced encryption and continuous surveillance, they will create a more resilient domestic infrastructure,” said Cindy van Niekerk, CEO of UK-based identity and verification company Umazi.
As an example, Van Niekerk suggested that a digital ID would save you from the need to send passport scans by email to service providers and prospective employers.
“Digital ID eliminates this using encrypted credentials that prove your identity without revealing your personal data,” she said. Decryption. “Citizens control which information is shared and when they create true privacy protections rather than illusions of it.”
Describing this in detail, Van Niekerk said that UK citizen data is currently stored in “hundreds of secure databases” in the public and private sectors, and that proper digital identity systems integrate validation while distributing storage, reducing the risk of mass data violations.
“The Estonian digital identity system, which has been operating since 2002, has now had around 1.4 million users, and in 23 years there has only been one incident, but it has become stronger as the decentralized architecture prevented the loss of wholesale data,” she explained.
Distributed Digital ID
The Estonian example could be useful as some experts argue that decentralization could be essential in providing identity schemes in a robust and safe way.
“It’s a matter of strong legal protection and transparency, but the real protection is building a system in a decentralized way. A single authority doesn’t control all data, and individuals always keep the key to their data,” Jardin said. “A decentralized digital ID that is done correctly can bring convenience and trust without turning it into a surveillance tool that you will regret later.”
The emphasis on decentralization, which is largely agreed by Van Niekerk, also highlights the important role that Quantum Computing could be revived in national identity systems.
“The UK will be able to deploy quantum resistance algorithms from day one, avoiding the billions of modification costs that other countries will face later,” she said.
She also explained that a decentralized architecture increases the quantum resilience that the UK digital identity scheme can ultimately include.
“A distributed system using post-Quantum encryption creates multiple layers of protection,” she said. “Even if one encryption method is compromised, redundant quantum safety protocols maintain system integrity.”
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