Since the last C++ DEV Update, a lot of things happened in the engine room which were not really visible to the outside. This post wants to give an overview about what we are currently working on.

Apart from the features side, Bob has been working on a proposed process for re-licensing of the C++ runtime client code to Apache 2.0, as has been mentioned a few times in the past month or two. Expect more news on that very soon.

Eth Unit-Test Mode

Not only because it is essential for being able to perform our Solidity end-to-end tests via IPC, Dimitry Khoklov and others added some new RPC endpoints to the eth client which allow much more flexibility for testing smart contracts. If you use eth –test -d /tmp/test and connect to the ipc port at /tmp/test/geth.ipc (we recommend using ethereum-console for that because it already has these features added) you can:

• change the blockchain parameters (e.g. remove proof of work checking and pre-fund certain accounts)
• mine a certain amount of blocks (at around 30 blocks per second)
• modify the timestamp of the current block (to e.g. test timeouts in your contracts)
• revert the blockchain to a given block number

This allows us to run our currently 305 Solidity end-to-end tests in around 46 seconds on a moderate computer. Each of these tests include at least two (often more) transactions and the same amount of mined blocks.

More information about these features can be found at https://github.com/ethereum/ethereum-console.

Please note that this is currently only available for the binary that is provided via the ubuntu dev ppa.

Virtual Machine Speedup

Greg Colvin spent the last months speeding up the C++ implementation of the EVM interpreter. He harvested what he calls the low-hanging fruits (he worked for Oracle on the Java interpreter before…).   The most important improvements so far have been replacing 256-bit calculations with 64-bit calculations for gas metering, and making sure that no more metering calculations are done for each VM operation than necessary.  These and other changes resulted in the following results for Paweł Bylica’s nascent benchmark suite. The following chart shows the speedup relative to the old cpp ethereum interpreter (cpp int (old)).

To be fair, we have to tell what these benchmarks measure. The first benchmark (where the evmjit goes off the scale with a speedup of 472x) does a million empty loops, and shows how slow the EVM’s computed goto is compared to the direct jump of a JIT – fixing that is next on the stack.  The second benchmark is a bad random number generator that does a million loops with four multiplications and four additions per loop.  It is dominated by 256-bit calculations, so a JIT makes less difference.  (Note that the Go JIT does not compile to native code, but to a faster interpreted representation.)

In practice, these speedups will only be relevant to “number-crunching” contracts because the computation time is otherwise largely dominated by storage access. On the other hand, the “rng” benchmark is quite similar to cryptographic operations which pulls such things further into the realm of actual on-chain implementations.

Paweł Bylica is working on a C-language interface between the virtual machine implementation and the client that hosts it, with the goal of being able to plug different VMs into an Ethereum client. This way, geth can also potentially benefit from our changes to the C++ virtual machine and especially from the LLVM just-in-time compiler.

Note that these changes are not yet released, but they are part of the ubuntu dev ppa.

Remix

Yann Levreau and Liana Husikyan are working on our new EVM debugger remix. We released the alpha version some days ago:

Application – Instructions

For now, you can “only” use it to inspect every single step in the execution of any transaction in the blockchain, look at the current stack, memory and storage contents and see the sequence of instructions. The next step will be to also allow source-level debugging where you can see the current position in the source code, step on line or instruction level and see the decoded values of the variables (instead of only the raw hex values).

The debugger is for you, the community, and we were delighted to hear that etherscan has already integrated Remix into their blockchain explorer.

Repository Reorganisation

Bob Summerwill is dedicated to bringing back C++-Ethereum to its former home, https://github.com/ethereum/cpp-ethereum and thus remove the unnecessary and confusing split into multiple sub-repositories. We are making great progress there, one of the first really visible steps was to decouple the testing infrastructure of Solidity from the virtual machine implementation. The Solidity tests can now be compiled without the virtual machine and they are run by communicating with a specially configured eth process (the one mentioned above) over the regular IPC interface.

The next steps here are to disentangle the rest of the code, modify the test automation and continuous integration accordingly and perform the actual move.

Together with this step, we unfortunately have to say goodbye to Mix and AlethZero (the spirit of mix will live on in the new remix project). The burden they drag along would be too big, because it includes Qt and a tight coupling with Solidity. As already explained in earlier posts, a loose IPC-based coupling of these tools to a small client implementation makes us much more flexible and the community support that comes with a change to JavaScript and Web-based tools like remix and browser-solidity is just overwhelming in comparison.

Formal Verification

We are extending the existing formal verification tools integrated with Solidity to cross-contract calls. This would enable automated proofs that e.g. a recursive call attack is not possible against a certain contract. Also, as why3 (the tool we use to do the heavy lifting) was recently ported to browsers, we can probably expect it to be available right inside browser-solidity and other tools like blockchain explorers!

There is a first proof of concept including explanations that shows how automated verification can be used to show that it is impossible to steal money from a solidity contract, even if recursive calls are allowed.

This proof of concept will hopefully evolve into a usable tool in the next weeks.

Several people from the community and from inside the Foundation are currently working on tools for Solidity or the EVM in general. These include:

1. Solidity AST analysis for warnings by Dave Hoover (@redsquirrel)
2. A Read-Eval-Print version of Solidity by raineorshine: Solidity-repl
3. Control-flow analysis graph also by raineorshine
4. EVM disassembler by Nick Johnson

The amount of Ethereum waiting to enter staking has overtaken the volume queued for withdrawal for the first time since July, marking a key shift in network activity.

According to data from the Ethereum Validator Queue, the staking entry line reached 833,141 ETH (around $3.7 billion) on Sept. 4, surpassing the 819,757 ETH (roughly $3.6 billion) currently awaiting exit from staking pools.

Notably, this is the first time since July 22 that the entry requests have outpaced exits. Staking service provider Everstake also noted that the surge reflects the largest queues observed since 2023, when the Shanghai upgrade allowed staked ETH withdrawals.

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As a result, ETH stakers must wait approximately 15 days before they can stake their assets on the chain.

Despite this shift, the total supply of staked ETH is expected to remain largely steady at above 36 million ETH because the entry and exit volumes nearly balance each other out.

Crypto liquidations reached $806.44 million in the past 24 hours, wiping out leveraged positions at a scale not seen in weeks.

The liquidation cascade followed a steep drawdown in prices: Bitcoin fell from an opening level of $114,163 to a close near $111,931, with intraday extremes stretching from $114,373 down to $110,802.

Ethereum mirrored this move, sliding from $4,784 to $4,635, with a trading range between $4,798 and $4,621. Both lost more than 2.5% on the day.

Long positions were hit the hardest. Of the $807.44 million total liquidations, $642.45 million came from longs, compared to $162.4 million from shorts. Bitcoin accounted for $267.85 million of the total, while Ethereum was close behind at $263.41 million.

The near parity between BTC and ETH liquidations shows that speculative interest is still concentrated in these two assets, which made up more than two-thirds of all liquidations in the past 24 hours.

Bybit was the epicenter of forced closures, responsible for $304 million in liquidations, 87% of which were long positions. Binance followed with $209 million in liquidations, again skewed toward longs at over 75%. OKX saw $117 million flushed out, while smaller platforms like Gate and HTX contributed tens of millions more.

Interestingly, Bitfinex and Bitmex were the outliers where short positions dominated liquidations. This tells us that exchange-specific positioning can deviate sharply from the general market.

The scale of long liquidations points to the overextension of bullish leverage at elevated price levels. Traders had been building directional bets on continued strength, especially given Ethereum’s new peak over the weekend. But, when Bitcoin failed to sustain above $114,000 and Ethereum slipped below $4,700, cascading margin calls triggered forced sell orders.

This intensified the downside move and reinforced the feedback loop of liquidation-driven selling pressure. The largest single order during this period occurred on OKX, with a BTC-USDT swap liquidation valued at $12.49 million.

The weight of BTC and ETH is clearly seen in the liquidation heatmap. Together, they accounted for over $530 million in forced closures.

Other large-cap tokens like Solana and Dogecoin were hit as well, though at much smaller magnitudes, reflecting their lower share of speculative leverage.

Altcoins with thinner liquidity pools saw pockets of sharp forced selling, but the dominant theme of the day was the structural unwinding of BTC and ETH leverage.

What is happening to Bitcoin?

For quite some time Bitcoin has demonstrated no sign of positive dynamics. Since its all-time high in December 2017 (when 1BTC was worth almost $20 000) Bitcoin has lost over 80% of its value by December 2018. In February 2019 the world’s premiere cryptocurrency was traded at $3 400, which was just as low as in August 2017. The last time it took Bitcoin five months (August – December 2017) to get from $3 400 to $19 500. Five months have already passed since February, yet Bitcoin has ‘only’ reached the $12 800 mark so far*. Obviously, it takes BTC longer to reach the last record. Yet, the question is not how long will it take Bitcoin to grow, but rather how high will Bitcoin go this time and whether it is at all possible that it will reach a new high?

How to trade Bitcoin?

So, what does it mean for you as a trader? The most recent price surge — that has been in action for three months already — has created numerous trading opportunities and can be expected to create some more.
With Bitcoin prices as volatile as they come, it is hard to predict future performance of the asset. However, you can turn to technical analysis indicators to make an informed decision when trading CFDs on Bitcoin on the IQ Option trading platform.
All signals mentioned above have been received on a 30D graph with 12H candles.

Bollinger Bands, a popular volatility indicator, point to the end of one high-volatility period and the beginning of another. According to the former, a trend reversal is also possible: the BTC price has bounced off the upper band and can either continue to move down or go back up.

According to the trend-following indicator ADX, the overall trend strength is diminishing. Positive momentum is now on a par with negative one. It can very well be that the negative trend overtakes the positive one after a prolonged period of uncertainty. This is, however, not set in stone.

Chande Forecast Oscillator, a momentum indicator created with the purpose of estimating the future asset price, states that the future asset price might lower than the present price of Bitcoin. The indicator is below the zero line, yet it is slowly going up.
More than that, in order to go even higher, the price action will have to pass the resistance level at $ 12 800, the threshold that has not been cracked yet.
All in all, the forecast is moderate to negative with two out of three indicators providing no clear sign of a strong trend. It is not certain, however, wether the Bitcoin price will rebound or not, as it might as well continue moving down. It should also be noted that no technical analysis indicator is capable of providing 100% accurate signals.
*Information regarding past performance is not a reliable indicator of future performance.
CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 77% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs work and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money. Trading cryptocurrencies is not appropriate for all investors and entails the risk of loss of capital. Read our Risk Disclosure.

Сообщение Bitcoin Technical Analysis for July 2019 появились сначала на IQ Option Broker Official Blog.

For a couple of months now Bitcoin has been showing record low volatility and the lack of momentum leaves crypto traders in tension, waiting for signs of a new rapid movement of the first cryptocurrency. The overall hype around Bitcoin has gone down, but what if the current uncertainty results in a strong upward trend? Or will the crypto price fall? Currently Bitcoin is traded at $9 300, but sooner or later a flat dynamic might turn into a trend or the opposite. Read the full article for a technical analysis of Bitcoin and make up your mind about it.

Since its low of $3 800 in the end of March, Bitcoin made it to $10 000 in two months (around the 1st of June) and has been fluctuating between $8 500 and $10 000 ever since. June and July were months of uncertainty and there are multiple forecasts with traders waiting for Bitcoin to break the support or resistance levels. 

The previous trend was positive and Bitcoin doubled in price, could the current consolidation result in the growth of the asset? The overall positive tone of the stock market might create the basis for it, but it is not set in stone. 

The recent growth of Bitcoin created many trading opportunities for crypto traders and the current events may result in even more potential chances. Let’s turn to technical indicators and see what they have to offer. For all indicators, examples of a price chart for 30 days with candles of 12h interval are being used. 

RSI + Bollinger Bands

First on the list: a popular combination of RSI and Bollinger Bands. Bollinger Bands show that the asset has crossed the upper band and currently moves upwards, while RSI gives a signal that the asset is overbought. This could mean that the starting positive trend may reverse and turn into a diminishing one, as asset prices do not normally stay long in the overbought or oversold areas. 

Chande Forecast Oscillator

This momentum indicator may be used on its own to potentially predict the future price direction. As it is obvious from the chart, the indicator was showing price growth for some time, but now it could possibly reverse and drop below the 0 value of the indicator. Only time can tell what will actually happen.

ADX

ADX shows a bullish crossover with the trend strength slowly rising (the ADX line crossed the 20 value and tends up). Does this mean that Bitcoin could potentially gain momentum and break through the resistance level at $10 000 – $10 300? 

Though ADX shows a positive trend, other indicators point out the possible drop in price.  Even with the current drop in volatility, BTC stays one of the most traded assets and there is no doubt that soon the asset will surprise everyone with new records. Of course, it is important to study the market well before entering it and checking the signals with other indicators might be a good practice.

Finally, it is always important to note that past performance is not an indicator of future performance. It is important to remember that no indicator shows 100% accurate signals and that divergences may happen. 

Ripple’s stablecoin RLUSD grew 32.3% in supply between June and July, surpassing $600 million.

This was the second most significant growth in supply among stablecoins with over $500 million in supply growth, lagging only Ethena Labs’ USDe, which grew 63.4% in the same period.

RLUSD has been in a strong growth trend since May, nearly doubling its supply as of July 31. The stablecoin’s market cap jumped from $309 million to $455.3 million between May and June, an over 47% increase. In August alone, it had already grown 3%.

Furthermore, RLUSD surpassed $11 billion in cumulative transfer volume in 2025. The stablecoin registered a new monthly all-time high in July, with $3.3 billion in volume across different venues, an amount 27% larger than June.

Notably, RLUSD has never dipped below $1 billion in monthly trading volume since April, when it crossed this threshold for the first time by registering $1.8 billion in volume.

The growth occurred in the same month that Ripple made efforts to increase RLUSD’s market share.

First, Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse announced the company was seeking a national banking charter for RLUSD. In addition to the stablecoin’s registry with the New York Department of Financial Services, this would make RLUSD the first stablecoin under state and federal oversight in the US.

On July 9, Ripple announced BNY Mellon as its custodian partner.

The company then moved to a multi-pronged global strategy to expand RLUSD’s market share. In the United States, the Federal Reserve’s formal adoption of the ISO 20022 messaging standard rewarded Ripple’s positioning as the first blockchain-focused company to join the ISO 20022 Standards Body in 2020.

At the same time, Ripple is reportedly advancing a significant entry into the European market by making RLUSD MiCA-compliant, anchoring the effort with a strategic base in Luxembourg.

However, not everyone is convinced that RLUSD’s growth is organic. Blockchain investigator ZachXBT questioned if Ripple’s stablecoin user base was authentic, before deleting its social media post.

Voicing his concerns differently, the investigator said he trusts other stablecoin issuers “infinitely more than Ripple,” such as Circle, Paxos, and Tether.

Mentioned in this article

Crypto projects captured $2.67 billion in investments last month and is equivalent to 85% of money raised during the entire second quarter.

DefiLlama data shows that the funding amount in July is 6% larger than June, when crypto startups surpassed $2.5 billion by a small margin.

Additionally, July was the second-largest month in funding, bested only by March’s $3.5 billion. Pump.fun’s pre-sales contributed heavily to July’s numbers, as it attracted nearly $1 billion before its token generation event.

Treasuries shine

DefiLlama tracked investments into crypto-related companies under the category “Investments,” which received $512 million in funding. 

BitMine raised $250 million to add Ethereum to its treasury, representing the largest amount in the “investments” category. Meanwhile, Upexi’s $200 million funding was the second-largest capital raise in the category, which was destined to add Solana to its holdings.

Together, both companies represented 88% of all funding in the “investments” category in July.

“Stablecoin infrastructure” also received significant attention from investors, with $352.5 million directed to projects in the segement.

Hong Kong-based OSL Group dominated the funding, gathering $300 million to boost its global expansion.

RD Technologies is another project from Hong Kong, which received $40 million to create regulated systems for stablecoins ranging from issuance to distribution. 

DeFi strong even without Pump.fun

Despite Pump.fun adding a considerable amount to the “DeFi” category, projects developing products for the decentralized finance ecosystem raised $107 million. The amount is relatively substantial compared to other sectors.

Kuru received $11.6 million to develop a central limit order book (CLOB) based on the Monad infrastructure. At the same time, GAIB captured $10 million to create a decentralized economic layer to tokenize GPUs and their revenue stream.

Falcon Finance also received a two-digit funding, as World Liberty Financial backed the project with $10 million to build an overcolateralized stablecoin.

The last of the sectors that got at least $100 million in funding is “infrastructure.” Bitzero raised $25 million in a Series B funding round to support its mining operations.

Furthermore, xTAO received $22.8 million to continue its work of supporting and scaling the Bittensor ecosystem.

Soluna secured a two-digit investment, capturing $20 million to enhance operations, including Bitcoin mining with green energy.

Mentioned in this article

The NFT market saw a remarkable resurgence in July, outpacing DeFi in terms of user activity, according to an Aug. 7 DappRadar report.

The shift marks a significant milestone and could indicate that NFTs are once again capturing the public’s attention following significant lull that has lasted since their fall in the 2022 bear market.

NFTs volume surge in July

DappRadar data showed that NFT trading volume surged by 96%, reaching $530 million in July. However, the total number of transactions fell by 4%, with only 5 million NFTs changing hands during the month.

The trend reveals a clear shift in buyer behavior, with fewer NFTs changing hands but selling for significantly higher prices. In fact, the average NFT sale price more than doubled, rising from $52 in June to $105 in July.

Platforms catering to power users and creators saw the most growth during the period. Blur accounted for as much as 80% of Ethereum-based NFT trading volume, driven by professional traders and its Blend lending feature.

Meanwhile, OpenSea, the largest NFT marketplace, remained the most active in daily user count, with approximately 27,000 traders, thanks to its long-tail listings and multichain support.

Meanwhile, Zora, a platform built for creators on the Coinbase-backed Base network, gained momentum with its Layer 2 solution and native ZORA token, which reduced NFT minting costs.

DappRadar concluded that these numbers show the significant evolution within the NFT landscape from the early market hype to the increasing utility of these digital assets.

According to the blockchain firm, the space is no longer limited to art and digital collectibles. Instead, it has expanded into practical use cases such as digital identity, event ticketing, gaming, and real-world asset tokenization.

DeFi grows too

While NFTs made waves in July, DeFi also continued to experience impressive growth. DappRadar reported that the total value of assets locked (TVL) in DeFi surged by over 30%, reaching $259 billion by the end of the month.

Notably, the sector reached a new all-time high of $270 billion on July 28, driven by growing user demand and fresh liquidity injection across lending, trading, and tokenized assets.

Meanwhile, a standout trend in DeFi came from tokenized stocks, with wallet interactions increasing from approximately 1,600 to over 90,000. This surge contributed to a 220% increase in the market cap of tokenized stocks, signaling that real-world assets (RWAs) are gaining substantial traction.

Across assets, Ethereum continued to lead DeFi, commanding $166 billion in TVL, far surpassing Solana’s $23 billion.

ETH’s significant rise can be attributed to a nearly 60% price surge in July, likely driven by positive regulatory developments, alongside staking rewards reaching 29.4% APY.

On Solana, Hyperliquid emerged as a key player, accounting for 35% of blockchain revenue in July. The platform saw rising demand for derivatives and now processes over 60% of 24-hour perpetual trading volume, with $15.3 billion in open interest and $5.1 billion in USDC bridging.

Mentioned in this article

Horizen (ZEN) Mining Ends – Pool Shutdown Completed

On July 22, 2025, mining of Horizen (ZEN) officially ended on 2Miners. This followed the project’s announcement of a major transition to the Base network (an Ethereum Layer 2 solution). As part of this strategic shift, the Horizen blockchain ceased operations at block 1,807,300, on July 23 at 6:00 UTC.

Our ZEN mining pool was shut down on July 22 at 12:00 UTC to allow for all final payouts to be processed before the hard fork.

Final payouts were sent to all miners successfully.

We are saddened by this abrupt change — the decision to migrate came as a surprise to us and the community. You can read more about Horizen’s upgrade on their official announcement page.

If you’re looking for an alternative Equihash coin to mine, we strongly recommend Zcash (ZEC). BTC payouts are available!

Flux v8.0.0 – Major Node Upgrade

The Flux development team has released Flux Daemon v8.0.0, a major upgrade that brings important structural changes ahead of the upcoming v9 fork planned for Q4 2025.

Key changes include:

• Block reward halving has been removed to stabilize node operations prior to the v9 upgrade.
• Support for 32-bit systems has been discontinued. Builds for i386 will no longer be provided.
• Improved chain analysis with getchaintips RPC now supporting block height filters for faster queries.
• GitHub Actions CI/CD integration replaces legacy CI systems for better automation, testing, and artifact management.
• Cross-compilation improvements for ARM64 and Windows binaries, including toolchain updates and fix for binary stripping.
• New Arcane Mode added with fArcane flag for advanced testing and benchmarking scenarios using UNMANAGED_FLUXBENCHD.

This release lays the groundwork for major architectural changes expected in Flux v9. All node operators are strongly encouraged to upgrade as soon as possible.

Block Reward Reduction

ERGO (ERG)

In accordance with the official Ergo Tokenomics and Emission Schedule, the block reward has been reduced.

• Previous reward: 15 ERG
• New reward: 12 ERG

KASPA (KAS)

Another planned reduction in the Kaspa emission schedule has occurred as part of the Kaspa Crescendo Hard Fork process.

• Previous reward: 5.19 KAS
• New reward: 4.90 KAS

Karlsen (KLS)

Karlsen block rewards have been reduced in line with the Karlsencoin Emission Schedule.

• Previous reward: 30.56 KLS
• New reward: 29.71 KLS

As always, check 2CryptoCalc to see up-to-date profitability and plan your strategy accordingly.

That wraps up the key events of July 2025. Follow us on X (Twitter) and join our Telegram community for instant updates and support.