Wouldn’t deleting OP_RETURN CAP unintentionally give users an incentive to choose the cheapest or most cost-deferred method?

Why is that happening? The limit does not make OP_RETURN more expensive, and if there is a limit it will make OP_RETURN cheaper, and the cost per byte of data is the same regardless of the limit. The increased limit is that OP_Return is more useful in situations where you want to add 80 bytes or more of data to the output. This is great for everyone as an output data substitute adds that data to the UTXO set.

Instead of treating all vectors equally, shouldn’t a policy try to manipulate the demand for any data for the “most harmful” output, like Op_return?

That’s what this policy actually does. It incentivizes people who store more than 80 bytes of data in the output. Otherwise, you’re using bare multisigs or multiple Taproot outputs to use good Op_return across your network.

No, if you don’t want to display your IP address, use TOR (or I2P, slightly similar systems).

You can’t ask people to do well to not track you down. When you connect to them they will inevitably see your IP, and there’s nothing you can do to stop them from recording this. When you want to connect to you to other people, you have no choice (have your software) to give them your IP.

The only option is not to use an IP address as a way to identify a node. TOR and I2P are just common ways to achieve just that, but in fact they have drawbacks like increased latency.

Shiba Inu’s active addresses have crashed over 50% in three months, providing a bearish outlook for the top meme coin. This development has also coincided with the SHIB price crash during this period. 

Shiba Inu’s Active Addresses Crash Over 50%

Santiment data shows that Shiba Inu’s active addresses have crashed by over 50% since they peaked on May 2 at around 7,800. Since then, this metric has been on a downtrend, dropping to as low as 2,500 earlier in June. Now, the number of active SHIB addresses is currently at an average of 3,000. 

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The drop in Shiba Inu’s active addresses has followed the crash in the SHIB price. Notably, the meme coin reached a peak of around $0.17 in May and has been in a downtrend since then. CoinMarketCap data shows that Shiba Inu is down over 10% from its 3-month high in May. SHIB’s decline has occurred despite the bullish sentiment in the broader crypto market. 

During this period, Bitcoin and Ethereum have rallied to new all-time highs (ATHs). However, the SHIB price has underperformed despite its positive correlation to the flagship crypto assets. Meanwhile, Shiba Inu’s network growth also paints a bearish picture for the meme coin. Santiment data shows that this metric has been on a downtrend since it peaked in July. 

Back then, the network growth hit 2,309 in reference to the number of new users adopting Shiba Inu. Since then, the network growth has spiraled down, dropping to as low as 1,078 on September 1. However, a positive for the SHIB price is that the number of holders has increased during this period. 

Santiment data shows that the total number of SHIB holders has increased during the past three months and is currently at 1.53 million. This suggests that investors continue to believe in the SHIB price’s trajectory, despite its underperformance so far. The meme coin is down over 43% year-to-date (YTD). 

SHIB Price Confirms Bullish Pattern

From a technical analysis perspective, crypto analyst Javon Marks has also provided a bullish outlook for Shiba Inu. In an X post, he stated that the SHIB price has confirmed a bullish pattern in a regular bull divergence, as indicated by the MACD Histogram. 

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Marks explained that this suggests that a major bullish reversal back to the upside may be on the horizon. This could include a rally of over 163% to the $0.00003 range, which the analyst claimed may only be the start. As the SHIB price continues to hold its breakout over an older structure, he predicted that the meme coin could record a rally of over 570% to the $0.000081 breakout target. 

At the time of writing, the Shiba Inu price is trading at around $0.00001228, up over 2% in the last 24 hours, according to data from CoinMarketCap.

Featured image from Getty Images, chart from Tradingview.com

This week, a casual IPO poll from Ripple CTO David Schwartz took an unexpected turn when one user seized the opportunity to renew a familiar accusation: that Kraken’s cofounder, Jesse Powell, has long held a negative view of Ripple and XRP. Schwartz was not having it. In his opinion, Powell’s stance has always been more nuanced.

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This comment prompted closer scrutiny of Powell’s XRP history, revealing that the relationship is far from straightforward. Powell has been vocal about the legal ambiguity surrounding XRP for years, often pointing out how its early ties to Ripple Labs (then OpenCoin) could create complications for regulators. 

However, his tone has not been one of disdain but rather one of caution layered with technical nuance.

In one notable thread, he argued that if XRP were found to be a security, exchanges such as Kraken could be held liable, even if they operated in good faith. He described this as an “asymmetrical risk” that made listing decisions difficult. 

Later, when Kraken suspended XRP trading for U.S. customers, Powell made it clear that it was a business decision, not a personal one, describing the legal uncertainty as “too risky from a business perspective.”

Kraken aims for $15 billion IPO

Now, that debate is resurfacing just as Kraken reenters IPO territory. The company is reportedly raising $100 million ahead of a potential public listing, aiming for a valuation of over $15 billion. The funding round is expected to close by the end of the year and, if successful, would revive IPO plans that were shelved after Coinbase’s turbulent debut.

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Kraken remains one of the world’s most active exchanges, posting over $1.37 billion in daily trading volume and supporting more than 1,100 trading pairs.

Two ancient Bitcoin (BTC) addresses are active again after a period of dormancy that started when Satoshi Nakamoto, the eponymous creator of the crypto king, was still publicly involved in the development of the flagship digital asset.

According to the blockchain tracker Whale Alert, the two addresses that were previously active in April of 2010 have now transferred a total of slightly over $11.8 million in Bitcoin.

The relatively older address among the two initially received 50 Bitcoin on April 18th of 2010, when BTC was trading at $0.00547. With Bitcoin trading at $118,707 at the time of the recent transfer, the address is sitting on an increase of over 2.17 billion percent.

The relatively newer address received a similar amount of Bitcoin on April 26th of 2010. At the time, Bitcoin was trading at $0.003, translating to an increase of approximately 3.957 billion percent at the time of the transfer.

On the two early Bitcoin addresses, Whale Alert further says,

“According to our research the two 50 BTC dormant address transactions earlier today were mined at the end of the period during which Satoshi [Nakamoto] was active (until around block 54,316). However, it is very unlikely the blocks were mined by Satoshi.”

The last publicly verifiable digital sighting of Satoshi was in December of 2010, when he provided an update on his progress in enhancing Bitcoin’s security against denial-of-service (DoS) attacks.

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Generated Image: Midjourney

Bitcoin’s “address” is a bit of a false reputation. It would be better to call something along the line “Invoice Identifier”. Whenever you want to pay another party, we will generate a new address and tell you how to pay. When a transaction pays to an output script belonging to an address, you will see that the corresponding party has paid you. The payments will then be displayed in the (Receive) tab, and the wallet will track the new transaction output that the wallet can spend on future transactions.

Transactional output cannot be partially used. It can only be used entirely. If you want to make a payment, but only have a larger amount of transaction output, the wallet will create a transaction with one input and two outputs. One output to pay the recipient and another output to return to yourself from the transaction output using the remaining funds. This second transaction output is called a Change the output.

Alice has one transaction output equivalent to 1 BTC and I want to send BOB 0.1 BTC.

    Inputs             Outputs
 ----------------------------------
                     Bob 0.1 BTC
  Alice 1 BTC   ↦ 
                     Alice 0.9 BTC ⇐ Change output

The change output is sent directly from the wallet to a new output script generated by the wallet. Because they did not “claim” other parties, the wallet will not surface the “invoice identifier” on the tabs they received. However, the change output is part of the wallet’s funds, contributing to the balance. Like other funds, change output can be used to spend on your wallet. After contributing to balance, the change output will be displayed on an advanced screen such as: Joint trolls A window for manually funding. As far as I know, all actions are working as intended. There is no need to move funds from the change output to the new address.

A major cybersecurity incident has exposed sensitive personal and health records of tens of thousands of Americans.

In a notice, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) says 103,000 individuals across the United States with accounts on Medicare.gov are impacted by a data breach.

CMS says it discovered that user data had been compromised after receiving multiple complaints through its call center. According to the federal agency, hackers may have used information from external sources to collect data such as names, dates of birth, Medicare Beneficiary Identifiers, coverage start dates and ZIP codes to fraudulently create Medicare.gov accounts.

Once inside, the thieves gained access to more sensitive data, including provider details, mailing addresses, dates of service, diagnosis codes, services received and plan premiums.

“On May 2, 2025, representatives at our 1-800-MEDICARE call center flagged complaints from people with Medicare who had received a letter through the mail about the creation of a Medicare.gov account. However, these callers hadn’t created the accounts or asked anyone else to do it for them.

Noticing the similarities in the reports, we investigated further and discovered more cases of accounts created between 2023 and 2025 that matched this pattern. We quickly deactivated those accounts, while also launching a larger effort to find the bad actors who created them.”

The CMS is a federal agency under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services tasked with overseeing the country’s healthcare programs, including Medicare, Medicaid, the Children’s Health Insurance Program and Health Insurance Marketplace.

The CMS is encouraging affected individuals to get a free credit report from each of the three major nationwide credit reporting companies. The agency also says that it hasn’t received any reports of identity fraud or improper use of personal information as a result of the incident.

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I am developing some code to derive addresses from various master public keys extracted from a series of wallets for some experiments I want to perform. My code can now work with most wallets I’ve tried to use, but Electrum appears to be breaking down as the XPUB that can be extracted from the Electrum App is from m/0h, not from the normal derived path m/84/0/0, so it causes this code.

xpub_str="zpub6restofthekey..."
bip_obj = Bip84.FromExtendedKey(xpub_str, Bip84Coins.BITCOIN)
addr = bip_obj.Change(Bip44Changes.CHAIN_EXT).AddressIndex(index).PublicKey().ToAddress()

To throw the following exception: “Error”: “Public-only vip object depth () below account level or above address index level.”

At first I thought this issue might be using Zpub instead of Xpub, but other wallets like Trezor Suite and Green also used Zpub and managed to generate addresses successfully with the code above.

I would be very grateful if anyone knows how to avoid this problem, or another way to calculate addresses from Electrum XPUB.

The Chair of the Federal Reserve says financial markets are dealing with a unique set of circumstances that may be contributing to dollar weakness.

In a recent testimony to the US Senate, Powell tells members of the Senate’s banking panel that while the US dollar appears to be doing better, the Fed has yet to formally form an opinion on the matter.

“I would go back to the thought that markets have been digesting an unusually challenging set of circumstances and have reacted the way they reacted. The dollar has kind of stabilized just now, in fact it’s moved back up in the last couple of weeks a bit. There are plenty of people who are still writing that the dollar is still overvalued, we don’t have a view on that of course…

I don’t really have an official view I’d like to share, [but] I think there are possible explanations…one of which is that people still feel the dollar is highly valued, but we’ll see.”

Touching on the subject of tariffs, Powell says markets are in uncharted territory since tariffs have only ever been going down for many decades.

“We’ve been going through a long period where tariffs have been going down. Since World War 2 really, it’s been a process of lowering tariffs globally…

There isn’t a lot of modern learning on that. One of the reasons 1750875178 is so challenging is that we don’t have modern precedent.”

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The Bitcoin price action in June has displayed healthy swings from a low of about $100,500 to as high as $111,000. While it has lacked the impulsive momentum seen in past cycles for more bullish swings, the premier cryptocurrency has managed to maintain its valuation above $100,000.

Over the past week, BTC has displayed relative price stability, with modest bullish movement at intervals. The cryptocurrency continued to trade within a tight range for most of the week, mirroring a mix of optimism and caution amongst market participants.

Active Addresses Mirror 2020 Levels

In a June 20 post on social media platform X, on-chain analytics firm Alphractal published its recent findings on the Bitcoin active addresses, revealing that the flagship cryptocurrency does not show an indication of market euphoria. 

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The relevant on-chain indicator here is the Active Addresses metric, which measures the number of unique addresses that are active on the Bitcoin network within a specific timeframe. To be clear, an address is “active” if it is receiving and sending Bitcoin during a particular period. 

The chart shared by Alphractal shows that active addresses are at the same level as in 2020. The analytics firm pointed out that as of 2020, the market was facing political uncertainty, dealing with a global pandemic, and widespread social fear, as the effects on market engagement are what is currently being witnessed.

In the post on X, Alphractal highlighted two possible reasons for this seeming lack of enthusiasm seen in investors. Firstly, the market intelligence firm noted that investors might have become disillusioned with all that is currently happening in the crypto market, regardless of Bitcoin’s value comfortably being above $100,000.

On the other hand, Alphractal put forward the possibility that this relative inactivity could be a result of a strong long-term conviction in the flagship cryptocurrency as a store of value. However, this second reasoning was immediately put down by Alphractal as readings from two other indicators — the on-chain volume and spot volume — are both low, indicating little global interest in the cryptocurrency.

As Bitcoin still prevails above $100,000, this could be a strong indication, Alphractal explained, “that only the most resilient are taking advantage of the long-awaited $100k per BTC.”

Bitcoin Price At A Glance 

As of this writing, Bitcoin is valued at about $103,290, reflecting an over 1% price decline in the past 24 hours. According to data from CoinGecko, the price of BTC has fallen by about 2.4% in value over the past seven days.

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Featured image from iStock, chart from TradingView